Research & Reviews: Research Journal of Biology
MenuISSN: 2322-0066
ISSN: 2322-0066
1Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Uttar Pradesh Technical University, Noida Region, Uttar Pradesh
2Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar, Punjab
Received: 03/03/2015; Revised: 11/03/2015; Accepted: 15/03/2015
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Analytical technique is a basic in the world of chemistry due to which several non-visible components can easily be detected by using such techniques. Detection of several samples like serum, carcinogenic compounds, and metal can be detected with these technologies easily
Heavy metals; Blood; Cigarette; Cholic acid
Science has become so advance that it starts using different analytical techniques in their regular basic experiments. Basically, analytical techniques are those which help in determining the concentration of a chemical component. Researchers have become so much dedicated to use such instruments which help them in their inventive researches. Analytical procedures play an important role in equivalence and risk management. It helps in the establishment of product-specific acceptance criteria and stability of results [1]. It is used in the determination of the concentration of heavy metal present within the body. Metals like calcium, magnesium, fluorine, etc. present in the blood, urine, serum etc. at higher amounts can now also be detected by using different analytical technologies like mass spectroscopy, gas chromatography, HPLC and others. Arsenic which is a naturally occurring element can easily be found in soil, water, seafood, cereals, junk food and usually in poultry animals [2]. These analytical techniques are so much advanced that one can easily find the minor samples of sugars in the cigarettes. Sugar is basically considered as natural tobacco component found in the cigarettes at a 10-20% level. During the manufacturing process some amount of sugar is also mixed in the tobacco during the cigarette and tobacco formation. Thus, the determination of sugar in the tobacco is now considered as the most important subject in the world of analytical science. According to Jansen E et al., it is not a simplest process to determine it on a large-scale but can be determine on a laboratory scale [3].
Description of Techniques
Out of several techniques Mass Spectroscopy (MS) have become boon for the nuclear science. MS is an instrument which has been used for a long decade and now its importance has become more in the nuclear industry. MS is used to separate the compounds of different samples from their masses[4]. GC-MS is also highly effective and versatile technique having several scientific applications which helps in the management of quality control, analytical researches, in finding impurities, and maintenance in the human welfare society [5]. The use of GC-MS has been increasing in numerous analytical & bio-analytical techniques. This has become a tradition to use such instruments in both government as well as private laboratories too. Every element related to food industry, pesticides, chemical industry, medications, etc. it is a boon for the researchers [6].
It has been shown that cholic acid has been determined in the rat plasma and urine. The detection was done by Liquid Chromatography (LC) and Tandem Mass Spectroscopy (TMS) [7-11] which gave successfully results during the complete research [12-15]. During a small study it was evaluated that GC-MS was also used in the formulations of different marketed products. Organic substances like methanol, isopropyl alcohol, dichloromethane are generally used in the drug released dosage form for coating purpose in the pharmaceutical industries. These solvents are considered as the excellent solvents for the drug release. GC method was used to evaluate this and found correct as per the ICH guidelines [15,16]. Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) method was developed for the quantification of posaconazole in different mouse organs including liver, heart, brain, kidney and lung. Different quantitative methods were used for the determination of Posaconazole in Mouse Tissues. After the research, it has been found that the used method was suitable in the pharmacokinetic and bioavailability studies of Posaconazole in the different mouse tissues [17,18]. Several Physio-chemical parameters also used in the determination of the new drug. According to a research of Martinez-Gómez MA et al., it has been found that a new drug Fosaprepitant helps in the treatment of oncology patients [19]. The technique of LC with TEM is undertaking the excellent role in the clinical laboratory because of its numerous advantages in the field of analytics. During a survey it has been found that its application area has been extended to the monitoring, controlling, toxicological confirmation etc. HPLC & HPTLC also used for the determination of substances like LC do [20-25].