Research Article Open Access

Comparative Analysis of Different Methods of Tuning the PID Controller Parameters for Load Frequency Control Problem

Abstract

This paper present the analysis of tuning the parameters of PID controller applied to load frequency control problem. In case of an interconnected power system, any small sudden load change in any of the areas causes the fluctuation of the frequencies of each and every area and also there is fluctuation of power in tie line. For satisfactory operation of a power system, frequency should remain nearly constant. Frequency deviations can directly impact on a power system operation, system stability, reliability and efficiency. Large frequency deviations can damage equipments, degrade load performance, overload transmission lines and affect the performance of system protection schemes. These large-frequency deviation events can ultimately lead to a system collapse. A Load Frequency Control (LFC) scheme basically incorporates an appropriate control system for an interconnected power system, which is heaving the capability to bring the frequencies of each area and the tie line powers back to original set point values or very nearer to set point values effectively after the sudden load change. This can be achieved by the use of conventional and modern controllers. Modern controllers have a lot of advantages over conventional integral controller. They are much faster than integral controllers and also they give better stability response than integral controllers. In this proposed research work PID controller has been applied for LFC of two area power systems. The parameters of the PID controller are tuned by two different methods names as (1) Ziegler-Nichols (Z-N) Method and (2) Simplex Search Method for better results. It is seen that the results obtained are far better than the conventional controller.

Dharmendra Jain, Dr. M.K. Bhaskar, Manoj Kumar

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