Special Issue Article Open Access

Energy Efficient MAC Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks Using Multi hop Optimization

Abstract

Wireless sensor networks are the devices to monitor the physical environments such as temperature, humidity, and the mobility of the objects concerned. Energy efficiency plays a vital role in the design of wireless sensor networks, as the major drawback of the sensor node is limited battery source which cannot be replaced/recharged for continuous operation. The energy consumption is mostly due to the communication subsystem in the sensor node. Thus proper design of the medium access control protocols will reduce the energy consumption of the sensor node per data transfer. The typical coverage area of the wireless sensor network is limited to 100 meters only so that multihop transmission is utilized with intermediate nodes for the transfer of data from source node to sink. The parameters such as throughput and latency are considered as quality factors for the energy efficient multihop MAC protocols. An efficient shortest path algorithm are being used to reduce power consumption and increase the efficiency with regard to different MAC protocols. The approach embraces comparison of two popular MAC protocols such as RMAC (Routing Enhanced Duty Cycle Medium Access Control), and HEMAC (Hop Extended Medium Access Control) of sensor networks related to energy consumption scenarios. The network model consists of average power consumption and path length optimization which leads to the reduction of the power consumption in the existing multihop MAC protocols of the wireless sensor networks.

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