Review Article Open Access

Idiopathic Hypersomnia

Abstract

Sleep is an unconsciousness form by which the person could be aroused by sensory or other stimuli. These days due to psychological and social dysfunction our daily routine affects the quality of our life, according to survey much health related issues are being reported due to lack of sleep. An ancient literature review was given and explained the theory about the leading symptom of idiopathic hypersomnia was sleep drunkenness and the first patient was thus diagnosed with prolonged nocturnal sleep accompanied by excessive daytime sleepiness with long naps and difficult awakening. A severe issue with this disease is that most people tend to suffer from "Depression". Due to ischemic changes along the border of mesencephalon and diencephalon and post-traumatic etiology in other, people thus suffer from "sleep drunkenness". The term idiopathic hypersomnia was given a variety of clinical labels including idiopathic central nervous hypersomnia or hypersomnolence, functional hypersomnia, mixed or harmonious hypersomnia, hypersomnia with automatic behavior, and non-rapid eye movement (NREM) narcolepsy. Two different clinical forms were recommended —idiopathic hypersomnia with long sleep time and IH without long sleep time which then reappeared in the latest International Classification of Sleep Disorders. However, the biological background of these clinical entities remains unknown, and much effort is needed to shed more light on its pathophysiology.

Diksha Gupta and Trisha Chatterjee

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