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conferenceseries
.com
Volume 6
Research & Reviews: Journal of Material Sciences
MatSciEngg 2018
October 15-17, 2018
October 15-17, 2018 Helsinki, Finland
31
st
Materials Science and Engineering
Conference: Advancement & Innovations
Novel 3D keratin scaffold design for bone tissue engineering
Alessia Patrucco
1
, Marina Zoccola
1
, Rosalinda Caringella
1
, Claudio Tonin
1
, Nora Bloise
2
, Lorenzo Fassina
2
and Livia Visai
2
1
CNR-ISMAC, Italy
2
University of Pavia, Italy
I
n this research work novel 3D scaffold for bone tissue engineering have been
produced, characterized and tested using an integrated bio-engineering approach,
applying bio-mechanical stimuli generated by a Pulsed Electro-Magnetic Field
(PEMF). Keratin 3D scaffolds, namely wool fibril sponges, were prepared by ultrasonic
irradiation of wool fibers soaked in clean water, previously swollen in mild alkali.
Casting the fibrils suspension produced microporous, biocomposite sponges, made of
randomly oriented cortical cells stuck to each other by the hydrolyzed keratin matrix.
Nevertheless, controlled-size salt-leaching allowed an additional 3D-tailored macro-
porosity, with the aim of matching native bone features for cell proliferation and cell
guided tissue formation. Sponges have been characterized for morphology, amino acid composition, thermal and mechanical
behavior and
in vitro
ageing performances. In addition, osteoblast cell model (SAOS-2) was cultured onto 3Dwool fibril sponge
using an integrated bio-engineering approach, applying bio-mechanical stimuli of a PEMF. Mechanical properties of the wool
fibril sponges come out in favor of promising applications as bio-absorbable scaffold for bone tissue engineering, since they are
easy to handle and resilient in wet conditions. The integrated bio-engineering approach of applying bio-mechanical stimulus
from PEMF, in addition to 3D architectural stimulus is given by 3D scaffolds, showed to be a successful solution. In fact, PEMF
stimulated an earlier differentiation in osteogenic conditions, showing a perfect synergy between biochemical and mechanical
stimuli in acceleration of the differentiation process. Finally, ageing tests revealed that wool fibril sponges, characterized by
an exceptional amount of crosslinks that stabilize the keratin structure, are surpassingly stable, showing longer degradation
rate compared to commercial collagen. In conclusion, biological, chemico-physical characterization and ageing tests suggest
sponges are promising candidate for long term support of
in vivo
bone formation.
Biography
Alessia Patrucco has completed her PhD in Bioengineering and Bioinformatics and her Master degree in Industrial Biotechnology from the University of Pavia. She
is a Researcher at the Institute for Macromolecular Studies (ISMAC) of the Italian National Research Council since 2008. She has been cooperating to national and
international research projects in textile and biopolymers field, fulfilling in some cases the role of project manager. She has also been a contract Professor Assistant
of the course of textile fibers, internationals MSc in textile engineering at the Polytechnic of Turin and contract Professor in the international master management
and textile engineering of the Carlo Cattaneo University.
a.patrucco@bi.ismac.cnr.itAlessia Patrucco et al., Res. Rev. J Mat. Sci. 2018, Volume 6
DOI: 10.4172/2321-6212-C5-026